equitable interest
An interest held by virtue of an equitable title or claimed on equitable grounds, such as the interest held by a trust beneficiary. [Cases: Trusts 139. C.J.S. Trover and Conversion § 251.]
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An interest held by virtue of an equitable title or claimed on equitable grounds, such as the interest held by a trust beneficiary. [Cases: Trusts 139. C.J.S. Trover and Conversion § 251.]
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equitable interest 衡平法上的利益 指信托中受益人的利益,相对于受托人的利益而言。因为受托人具有普通法所有权,而受益人享有衡平法所有权 。(→equitable ownership)
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equitable rate of interest 衡平法上的利率 由衡平法院确定的、应由受托人承担的利率,通常比法定利率要低。
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A title that indicates a beneficial interest in property and that gives the holder the right to acquire formal legal title. • Before the Statute of Uses (1536), an equitable title was enforceable only in a court of chancery, not of law. Cf. legal title. [Cases: Vendor and Purchaser 54. C.J.S. Vendor and Purchaser §§
equitable life estate. An interest in real or personal property that lasts for the life of the holder of the estate and that is equitable as opposed to legal in its creation. • An example is a life estate held by a trust beneficiary. [Cases: Life Estates 21. C.J.S. Estates §§ 138–147, 150.]
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legal and equitable rights 普通法上的权利与衡平法上的权利 两类基本的权利——普通法上的权利〔legal rights〕和衡平法上的权利〔equitable rights〕的并存与区分,是英国财产法历史发展的一个基本脉络。1925年《财产法》〔Law of Property Act〕给这两种权利以明确定义:普通法上的权利,其中包括两种普通法上的地产权〔legal estate〕和五种普通法上的权益或担保物权〔legal interests or charges〕:1能够在普通法上存在,转让和设立的地产权只有: 即时占有的绝对的非限嗣继承地产权〔estate in fee simple absolute in possession〕;绝对的定期地产权〔term of years absolute〕,即租约。2能够在普通法上存在,转让和设立的权益和担保物权只有: 地役权〔easement〕,为着某种利益的土地上的权利或优先权(这种利益相当于即时占有的绝对的非限嗣继承地产权与绝对的定期地产权);可通过扣押执行的收租权;通过法定抵押而设立的担保物权;其他同样的,没有经过契据设立的土地担保物权;出租人在承租人违约的情况下重新收回土地的管有权的权利。除了上述两项普通法上的地产权和五种普通法权益与担保物权外,所有其他的土地上的有效的地产权、权益和担保都属衡平法权益范畴(例如受托人权利〔right of trustee〕,剩余权益〔remainder〕等等)。 这两种权利的区分,是由于在历史上普通法法院只承认普通法权利,而衡平法权利只能在衡平法院得到保护。虽然这两大法院系统早在一百多年前就已合并,但由于历史的原因,这两类财产权利在效力上还有很大的不同。其一,普通法上的权利具有对世的约束力〔bind the world〕。 由于所有的普通法上的权利都会记载在地产权的契据上,可供人查阅,所以对一切有利益冲突的第三人都会有约束力。例如甲将他所拥有的普通法上的地产权租给乙,乙拥有的就是一个普通法上的地产权,即绝对定期地产权。在这之后甲如果再把土地租给丙,丙就不能与乙争土地管有权,因为乙拥有的是对世的约束力。其二,衡平法权利受「通知原则」〔doctrine of notice〕支配。 衡平法权利也是可以对抗所有第三人的,但有一种例外,即当这个第三人是一个善意的普通法地产权的购买人时,衡平法权利就失去了约束力。所谓「通知原则」,就是看第三人对先前的有冲突的利益是否知情,即是否得到了「通知」。如果他不知情,说明他是善意的真诚购买人,他的权利就会受到法律的保护。例如乙获得了一个在甲土地上的衡平法权益,甲随后又将同一块土地卖给丙,既没有通知乙,又没有告诉丙乙的权益。丙是善意的、真诚的购买人,并且事先对乙的衡平法权益毫不知情。在这种情况下,丙的权利就优先于乙的衡平法权利。但是假如丙在购买甲的土地时已经知道了乙的权利,乙的权利就优先于丙的权利。 (→estate in fee simple absolute in possession; term of years absolute; rentcharge )
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fair-and-equitable requirement. Bankruptcy. A Bankruptcy Code standard requiring a forced, nonconsensual Chapter 11 plan (a “cramdown” plan) to provide adequately for each class of interests that has not accepted the plan. • In determining whether a cramdown plan is fair and equitable and thus can be confirmed, a bankruptcy court must apply the Code’s detailed
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legal interest (1)法定利息 指由制定法确定利率的利息,包括:法律所允许的最高利率、在合同当事人约定支付利息但未约定利率时所适用的利率。后者通常即为法律所允许的最高利率。 (2)普通法上的权益;法定权益 与衡平法上的权益〔equitable interest〕相对,指存在于法律确认的财产或请求上的权益。如信托关系中的受托人,拥有信托财产在普通法上的所有权〔legal title〕,因而拥有法定权益;受益人仅拥有衡平法上的所有权〔equitable title〕,故仅有衡平法上的权益。
A property interest in which the privilege of possession or of other enjoyment is future and not present. • A future interest can exist in either the grantor (as with a reversion) or the grantee (as with a remainder or executory interest). Today, most future interests are equitable interests in stocks and debt securities, with
A change in the nature of property so that real property is treated as personal property, or vice versa, in certain circumstances. • Equitable conversion is based on the maxim that equity regards as done that which ought to be done. The most common situation involves transferring real property as the parties to a contract
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